ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical fitness is the athletic ability to perform physical activities safely, avoiding the risk of injuries or performance-related complications on the field. CrossFit has been an effective training method for its natural movements and integration of aerobic and anaerobic exercises. It is believed that these characteristics may benefit the physical fitness of aerobic gym athletes. Objective: Evaluate the effects of CrossFit training on the physical fitness of aerobic gymnastics athletes. Methods: A controlled experimental study involving 24 aerobic gymnastics athletes was run for 9 weeks. The athletes were divided into an experimental group with CrossFit-based training, the control group received no additional training intervention. The indices of physical fitness, motor function, and movement performance were analyzed before and after the intervention. The results of the statistical analyses were discussed. Results: Considerable variation was obtained in fitness indices in distinct groups of muscle activities: in abdominal crunches from 37.66±6.12 to 50.11±3.01; medical ball lateral throw from 8.04±1.00 to 10.80±2.21; lateral bridge from 72.60±11.40 to 113.69±14.47; the flexion in sitting position from 22.52±2.51 to 26.46±1.33; and rope climbing from 32.32±7.28 to 25.97±7.08. In functional terms, the movement response time to music was optimized from 15.38±0.36 to 13.08±0.21; and the movement performance score was increased from 72.56±2.25 to 80.91±1.02. There were no significant changes in the control group. Conclusion: CrossFit training was shown to improve the physical conditioning of aerobic gym athletes and the functional movement performance of its practitioners. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: A aptidão física é a capacidade atlética de praticar atividades físicas em segurança, evitando o risco de sofrer lesões ou complicações relacionadas ao desempenho em campo. O CrossFit vem se destacando como um método de treinamento eficaz pelos seus movimentos naturais e integração de exercícios aeróbicos e anaeróbicos. Acredita-se que essas características possam beneficiar a aptidão física dos atletas de ginástica aeróbica. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do treino de CrossFit sobre a aptidão física dos atletas de ginástica aeróbica. Métodos: Um estudo experimental controlado envolvendo 24 atletas de ginástica aeróbica foi executado por 9 semanas. Os atletas foram divididos em grupo experimental, com treinamento baseado no CrossFit, o grupo de controle não recebeu nenhuma intervenção de treinamento adicional. Os índices de aptidão física, função motora e o desempenho do movimento foram analisados antes e após a intervenção. Os resultados das análises estatísticas foram discutidos. Resultados: Obteve-se variação considerável nos índices de aptidão física em distintos grupos de atividades musculares: em abdominais de 37,66±6,12 para 50,11±3,01; lançamento lateral da bola medicinal de 8,04±1,00 para 10,80±2,21; ponte lateral de 72,60±11,40 para 113,69±14,47; a flexão em posição sentada de 22,52±2,51 para 26,46±1,33; e escalada por corda de 32,32±7,28 para 25,97±7,08. Em termos funcionais, o tempo de resposta ao movimento pela música foi otimizado de 15,38±0,36 para 13,08±0,21; e a pontuação da performance no desempenho de movimento foi incrementada de 72,56±2,25 para 80,91±1,02. Não houveram alterações significativas no grupo controle. Conclusão: O treino de CrossFit demonstrou aprimorar o condicionamento físico dos atletas de ginástica aeróbica, bem como o desempenho de movimento funcional de seus praticantes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: La condición física es la capacidad atlética para practicar actividades físicas con seguridad, evitando el riesgo de sufrir lesiones o complicaciones relacionadas con el rendimiento en el campo. El CrossFit se viene destacando como un método de entrenamiento eficaz por sus movimientos naturales y la integración de ejercicios aeróbicos y anaeróbicos. Se cree que estas características pueden beneficiar la aptitud física de los atletas de gimnasia aeróbica. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del entrenamiento CrossFit en la aptitud física de atletas de gimnasia aeróbica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental controlado en el que participaron 24 atletas de gimnasia aeróbica durante 9 semanas. Los atletas se dividieron en un grupo experimental con entrenamiento basado en CrossFit, el grupo de control no recibió ninguna intervención de entrenamiento adicional. Se analizaron los índices de aptitud física, función motora y rendimiento del movimiento antes y después de la intervención. Se discutieron los resultados de los análisis estadísticos. Resultados: Se obtuvo una variación considerable en los índices de aptitud física en distintos grupos de actividades musculares: en abdominales de 37,66±6,12 a 50,11±3,01; lanzamiento lateral de balón medicinal de 8,04±1,00 a 10,80±2,21; puente lateral de 72,60±11,40 a 113,69±14,47; la flexión en posición sentada de 22,52±2,51 a 26,46±1,33; y trepar por cuerda de 32,32±7,28 a 25,97±7,08. En términos funcionales, el tiempo de respuesta del movimiento a la música se optimizó de 15,38±0,36 a 13,08±0,21; y la puntuación del rendimiento del movimiento se incrementó de 72,56±2,25 a 80,91±1,02. No hubo cambios significativos en el grupo de control. Conclusión: Se ha demostrado que el entrenamiento CrossFit mejora el acondicionamiento físico de los atletas de gimnasia aeróbica, así como el rendimiento del movimiento funcional de sus practicantes. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos -investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the predictive values of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in donor sera and lavage fluid on delayed graft function (DGF) in donation after circulatory death (DCD) kidney transplant recipients.Methods:A total of 33 eligible kidney donors and 33 corresponding recipients were recruited. Preoperative serum and renal perfusion fluid samples of donors were collected to determine the levels of TIMP-2 and IGFBP7. Patients were grouped according to whether DGF occurred after kidney transplantation and measured indicators analyzed. Independent sample t test was utilized for comparing the groups with normal distribution measurement data. And χ2 test was employed for comparing the groups with normal distribution counting data and Mann-Whitney test for comparing the groups with non-normal distribution measurement data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used for evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of indicators. Results:In donor-DGF group, lavage fluid TIMP-2, product of lavage fluid TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 (TIMP-2×IGFBP7), serum IGFBP7 and product of serum TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 (TIMP-2×IGFBP7) were higher than those in donor-non-DGF group ( P<0.05). The AUC of TIMP-2, TIMP-2×IGFBP7, serum IGFBP7 and serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7 in the diagnosis of DGF were 0.753 (95%CI 0.546~0.959), 0.747 (95%CI 0.510~0.984), 0.824 (95%CI 0.615~1.000) and 0.852 (95%CI 0.660~1.000) respectively. Conclusions:Donor serum IGFBP7, donor serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7, lavage fluid TIMP-2 and lavage fluid TIMP-2×IGFBP7 may be used for predicting the occurrence of early DGF after kidney transplantation. Among them, serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7 has the highest diagnostic efficiency and may be an excellent predictor of DGF occurrence.
ABSTRACT
Objective:This study is to investigate the predictive value of serum levels of TIMP-2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7(IGFBP7) in patients with DCD(donation after cardiac death) kidney transplantation.Methods:A prospective research design was used to select DCD kidney transplant patients admitted to the Li Huili Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2018 to October 2020.Inclusion criteria: ①Complete data; ②There were no serious complications affecting the function of the transplanted kidney in the early postoperative period.Exclusion criteria: ①Incomplete data; ②Patients were unable or unwilling to cooperate with the study; ③Severe complications affecting the function of the transplanted kidney occurred early after the operation.The ELASE method was used to quantitatively detect the serum TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 levels at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days after renal transplantation, and monitor the serum creatinine values during the same period and 21 days after the operation. According to the occurrence of DGF, the measured values of TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 at different time points and their product's ability to predict the occurrence of DGF after kidney transplantation were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 for DGF.Results:A total of 33 patients were enrolled, 7 patients (21.2%) in the DGF group and 26 patients (78.8%) in the non-DGF group. Between the two groups, the donor glomerular filtration rate were [98.5(15.8-132.5)ml/(min·1.73m 2) and 79.1(60.6-102.5)ml/(min·1.73m 2)], recipient gender (male/female: 3/4 cases and 10/16 cases), recipient age [48(34-56) Years old and 45(23-61) years old], the recipient's preoperative creatinine [1114.0(731.4-1293.0)μmol/L and 858.4(657.6-1051.9)μmol/L], the recipient's preoperative urea nitrogen [15.0(13.2-19.6)mmol/L and 17.3(13.6-20.9)mmol/L], receptor preoperative albumin [43.5(38.5-45.3)mmol/L and 41.2(37.5-46.1) mmol/L], recipient dialysis method [hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis: 3/4 cases and 9/17 cases], warm ischemia time [6(5-7) and 5(4-6) min, there was no statistically significant difference] ( P>0.05). The values of serum IGFBP7 and TIMP-2×IGFBP7 in the DGF group were higher than those in the non-DGF group at all time points ( F=15.753, P=0.040; F=13.000, P=0.024), while serum TIMP-2 was not significant between the two groups difference ( F=1.157, P=0.075). For the diagnostic value of DGF, the AUC of serum IGFBP7 at 48 h after surgery was 0.863 (95% CI 0.696-1.000, P=0.004). When 5.97 ng/ml was used as the cut-off value, the sensitivity was 85.7% and the specificity was 80.8 %. The AUC of TIMP-2×IGFBP7 at 48 hours after surgery was 0.819 (95% CI 0.641-0.996, P=0.011). When 62.06(ng/ml) 2 was used as the cutoff value, the sensitivity was 71.4% and the specificity was 80.8%.There was no statistical difference in the area under the curve between the two ( P>0.05). There were differences in the dynamic trend of serum IGFBP7 and creatinine in the DGF group. Serum IGFBP7 at 7 days after surgery was positively correlated with creatinine at 21 days after surgery. Conclusion:Serum IGFBP7 and TIMP-2×IGFBP7 could predict the occurrence of DGF after DCD donor kidney surgery. The predictive value changes with time. Among them, 48h and 7d after surgery are the most valuable. However, serum TIMP-2 has not been found to have predictive value in this study.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the synergistic effect of metformin and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.Methods This study was composed of clinical data review and in vitro cell experiment.Ten patients (12 eyes) with diabetic macular edema treated with antiVEGF drugs were included in the study.Patients were randomly divided into the VEGF group (anti-VEGF drug therapy) and the combined treatment group (anti-VEGF drug combined with metformin).The changes of visual acuity and central retinal thickness (CRT) were compared between the two groups.As far as the in vitro experiment was concerned,vascular endothelial cells were divided into the control group (normal cells),the VEGF group (50 ng/ml VEGF),the anti-VEGF group (50 ng/ml VEGF+2.5 μg/ml of conbercept),and the combined group (50 ng/ml VEGF +2.5 μg/ml of conbercept +2.0 mmol/L of metforrnin).And then MTT cell viability assay,scratch assay and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were performed to analyze the cell viability,cell migration and mRNA level of VEGFR2,protein kinase C (PKC)-α and PKC-β successively.Results Review of clinical trial shows that the CRT recovery rates in the combined treatment group were much higher than that in the VEGF group at 3 month after the operation,while the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.462,P＜0.05).In vitro cell experiment results showed that VEGF induction upregulated the viability and mobility of vascular endothelial cells obviously compared with control group,at the same time,the use of anti VEGF drugs can effectively reverse the trend,in contrast,combination of metformin and anti-VEGF showed a more superior effect to some extent (P＜0.05).In the VEGF group,the mRNA expression of VEGFR2,PKC-αand PKC-[β were significantly increased compared with the control group (P＜ 0.01);while the mRNA expression of VEGFR2,PKC-αand PKC-β in the combination group decreased significantly compared with the VEGF group and the control group (P＜0.05).However,in the anti-VEGF group,the mRNA expression of VEGFR2,PKC-αand PKC-β were decreased,but has failed to reach the level of statistical learn the difference.Conclusions The combination ofmetformin and anti-VEGF drugs can reduce the CRT of diabetic retinopathy patients and inhibit the proliferation and migration of retinal vascular endothelial cells which induced by VEGF.The synergistic mechanism may be related to the inhibitory effect of metformin on the expression of VEGFR and PKC.
ABSTRACT
Sec61β, a subunit of the Sec61 translocon complex, is not essential in yeast and commonly used as a marker of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In higher eukaryotes, such as Drosophila, deletion of Sec61β causes lethality, but its physiological role is unclear. Here, we show that Sec61β interacts directly with microtubules. Overexpression of Sec61β containing small epitope tags, but not a RFP tag, induces dramatic bundling of the ER and microtubule. A basic region in the cytosolic domain of Sec61β is critical for microtubule association. Depletion of Sec61β induces ER stress in both mammalian cells and Caenorhabditis elegans, and subsequent restoration of ER homeostasis correlates with the microtubule binding ability of Sec61β. Loss of Sec61β causes increased mobility of translocon complexes and reduced level of membrane-bound ribosomes. These results suggest that Sec61β may stabilize protein translocation by linking translocon complex to microtubule and provide insight into the physiological function of ER-microtubule interaction.